Bootstrap 导航元素

本章我们将讲解 Bootstrap 提供的用于定义导航元素的一些选项。它们使用相同的标记和基类 .nav。Bootstrap 也提供了一个用于共享标记和状态的帮助器类。改变修饰的 class，可以在不同的样式间进行切换。

表格导航或标签

创建一个标签式的导航菜单：

• 以一个带有 class .nav 的无序列表开始。
• 添加 class .nav-tabs。

下面的实例演示了这点：

实例

<
p
>
标签式的导航菜单
</
p
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-tabs
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>


尝试一下 »

结果如下所示：

胶囊式的导航菜单

基本的胶囊式导航菜单

如果需要把标签改成胶囊的样式，只需要使用 class .nav-pills 代替 .nav-tabs 即可，其他的步骤与上面相同。

下面的实例演示了这点：

实例

<
p
>
基本的胶囊式导航菜单
</
p
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-pills
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>


尝试一下 »

结果如下所示：

垂直的胶囊式导航菜单

您可以在使用 class .nav、.nav-pills 的同时使用 class .nav-stacked，让胶囊垂直堆叠。

下面的实例演示了这点：

实例

<
p
>
垂直的胶囊式导航菜单
</
p
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-pills nav-stacked
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>


尝试一下 »

结果如下所示：

两端对齐的导航

您可以在屏幕宽度大于 768px 时，通过在分别使用 .nav、.nav-tabs 或 .nav、.nav-pills 的同时使用 class .nav-justified，让标签式或胶囊式导航菜单与父元素等宽。在更小的屏幕上，导航链接会堆叠。

下面的实例演示了这点：

实例

<
p
>
两端对齐的导航元素
</
p
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-pills nav-justified
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>
<
br
>
<
br
>
<
br
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-tabs nav-justified
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>


尝试一下 »

结果如下所示：

禁用链接

对每个 .nav class，如果添加了 .disabled class，则会创建一个灰色的链接，同时禁用了该链接的 :hover 状态，如下面的实例所示：

实例

<
p
>
导航元素中的禁用链接
</
p
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-pills
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li

class
=
“
disabled
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS（禁用链接）
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>
<
br
>
<
br
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-tabs
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li

class
=
“
disabled
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net（禁用链接）
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>


尝试一下 »

结果如下所示：

该 class 只会改变 <a> 的外观，不会改变它的功能。在这里，您需要使用自定义的 JavaScript 来禁用链接。

下拉菜单

导航菜单与下拉菜单使用相似的语法。默认情况下，列表项的锚与一些数据属性协同合作来触发带有 .dropdown-menu class 的无序列表。

带有下拉菜单的标签

向标签添加下拉菜单的步骤如下：

• 以一个带有 class .nav 的无序列表开始。
• 添加 class .nav-tabs。
• 添加带有 .dropdown-menu class 的无序列表。

实例

<
p
>
带有下拉菜单的标签
</
p
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-tabs
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li

class
=
“
dropdown
“
>

<
a

class
=
“
dropdown-toggle
“

data-toggle
=
“
dropdown
“

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
<
span

class
=
“
caret
“
>
</
span
>

</
a
>

<
ul

class
=
“
dropdown-menu
“
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Swing
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
jMeter
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li

class
=
“
divider
“
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>

</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>


尝试一下 »

结果如下所示：

带有下拉菜单的胶囊

步骤与创建带有下拉菜单的标签相同，只是需要把 .nav-tabs class 改为 .nav-pills，如下面的实例所示：

实例

<
p
>
带有下拉菜单的胶囊
</
p
>

<
ul

class
=
“
nav nav-pills
“
>

<
li

class
=
“
active
“
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Home
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
VB.Net
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li

class
=
“
dropdown
“
>

<
a

class
=
“
dropdown-toggle
“

data-toggle
=
“
dropdown
“

href
=
“
#
“
>
Java
<
span

class
=
“
caret
“
>
</
span
>

</
a
>

<
ul

class
=
“
dropdown-menu
“
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
Swing
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
jMeter
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>

<
li

class
=
“
divider
“
>
</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>

</
li
>

<
li
>
<
a

href
=
“
#
“
>
PHP
</
a
>
</
li
>

</
ul
>


尝试一下 »

结果如下所示：

更多导航元素组件实例

标签页与胶囊式标签页