原文网址： http://websystique.com/spring-security/spring-security-4-role-based-login-example/
【相关已翻译的本系列其他文章，点击分类里面的spring security 4】
【翻译by 明明如月 QQ 605283073】
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本教程将向你展示Spring Security 中基于 角色的登录。也就是说，根据其角色登录以后重定向到不同的url。
一般来说，我们需要自定义一个Success-Handler 来根据用户角色处理登录用户的重定向到对应的url。
这个功能在Spring Security 里面已经提供了。
SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler 含有常用的success handler的常用逻辑。
我们仅需要拓展它，实现我们自己的逻辑即可。
一旦我们获得了successhandler（处理器），我们将通过formLogin()或loginPage()来注册它，
完整的例子如下：
--------------------------------------------------------
下面是用的技术
- Spring 4.1.6.RELEASE
- Spring Security 4.0.1.RELEASE
- Maven 3
- JDK 1.7
- Tomcat 8.0.21
- Eclipse JUNO Service Release 2
让我们开始吧
第1步: 项目文件目录结构
下面是最终的项目目录结构
现在让我为你展示上面目录结构里面的内容和每个的详细介绍。
第2步: 更新 pom.xml 包含所需的依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.websystique.springsecurity</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringSecurityRoleBasedLoginExample</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>SpringSecurityRoleBasedLoginExample</name>
<properties>
<springframework.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</springframework.version>
<springsecurity.version>4.0.1.RELEASE</springsecurity.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Security -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>${springsecurity.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>${springsecurity.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
<warName>SpringSecurityRoleBasedLoginExample</warName>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<finalName>SpringSecurityRoleBasedLoginExample</finalName>
</build>
</project>第3步: 添加 Spring Security 配置类
添加spring security到我们应用中第一步是要创建Spring Security Java 配置类。
这个配置创建一个叫springSecurityFilterChain的Servlet过滤器，来对我们应用中所有的安全相关的事项（保护应用的所有url，验证用户名密码，表单重定向等）负责。
package com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
CustomSuccessHandler customSuccessHandler;
@Autowired
public void configureGlobalSecurity(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("bill").password("abc123").roles("USER");
auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("admin").password("root123").roles("ADMIN");
auth.inMemoryAuthentication().withUser("dba").password("root123").roles("ADMIN","DBA");
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/", "/home").access("hasRole('USER')")
.antMatchers("/admin/**").access("hasRole('ADMIN')")
.antMatchers("/db/**").access("hasRole('ADMIN') and hasRole('DBA')")
.and().formLogin().loginPage("/login").successHandler(customSuccessHandler)
.usernameParameter("ssoId").passwordParameter("password")
.and().csrf()
.and().exceptionHandling().accessDeniedPage("/Access_Denied");
}
} 此类和前几篇文章类似，只是下面这点有区别：
formLogin().loginPage("/login").successHandler(customSuccessHandler)
重点是successHandler，这个类定义了处理successHandler的逻辑。在本例中根据 角色USER/ADMIN/DBA重定向到home/admin/db
以上配置 对应的xml配置文件：
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-4.0.xsd">
<http auto-config="true" >
<intercept-url pattern="/" access="hasRole('USER')" />
<intercept-url pattern="/home" access="hasRole('USER')" />
<intercept-url pattern="/admin**" access="hasRole('ADMIN')" />
<intercept-url pattern="/dba**" access="hasRole('ADMIN') and hasRole('DBA')" />
<form-login login-page="/login"
username-parameter="ssoId"
password-parameter="password"
authentication-success-handler-ref="customSuccessHandler"
authentication-failure-url="/Access_Denied" />
<csrf/>
</http>
<authentication-manager >
<authentication-provider>
<user-service>
<user name="bill" password="abc123" authorities="ROLE_USER" />
<user name="admin" password="root123" authorities="ROLE_ADMIN" />
<user name="dba" password="root123" authorities="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_DBA" />
</user-service>
</authentication-provider>
</authentication-manager>
<beans:bean id="customSuccessHandler" class="com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration.CustomSuccessHandler" />
</beans:beans> 下面是 上面的类里面涉及的
Success-Handler
package com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.web.DefaultRedirectStrategy;
import org.springframework.security.web.RedirectStrategy;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class CustomSuccessHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler {
private RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy = new DefaultRedirectStrategy();
@Override
protected void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication)
throws IOException {
String targetUrl = determineTargetUrl(authentication);
if (response.isCommitted()) {
System.out.println("Can't redirect");
return;
}
redirectStrategy.sendRedirect(request, response, targetUrl);
}
/*
* This method extracts the roles of currently logged-in user and returns
* appropriate URL according to his/her role.
*/
protected String determineTargetUrl(Authentication authentication) {
String url = "";
Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();
List<String> roles = new ArrayList<String>();
for (GrantedAuthority a : authorities) {
roles.add(a.getAuthority());
}
if (isDba(roles)) {
url = "/db";
} else if (isAdmin(roles)) {
url = "/admin";
} else if (isUser(roles)) {
url = "/home";
} else {
url = "/accessDenied";
}
return url;
}
private boolean isUser(List<String> roles) {
if (roles.contains("ROLE_USER")) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
private boolean isAdmin(List<String> roles) {
if (roles.contains("ROLE_ADMIN")) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
private boolean isDba(List<String> roles) {
if (roles.contains("ROLE_DBA")) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
public void setRedirectStrategy(RedirectStrategy redirectStrategy) {
this.redirectStrategy = redirectStrategy;
}
protected RedirectStrategy getRedirectStrategy() {
return redirectStrategy;
}
} 注意：我们是怎样拓展
SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler类的，重写了handle()方法，
简单的调用重定向使用配置的RedirectStrategy，其中通过determineTargetUrl方法返回对应的url 。
此方法从Authentication 对象中提取角色然后根据 角色构建 对应的url.最后在 Spring Security 负责所有重定向事务的RedirectStrategy （重定向策略）来重定向请求到指定的url
其余部分和以前的文章是一样的。
第4步: 注册springSecurityFilter
下面是定制初始化war包中的
springSecurityFilter（第三步中的）
注册类
package com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration;
import org.springframework.security.web.context.AbstractSecurityWebApplicationInitializer;
public class SecurityWebApplicationInitializer extends AbstractSecurityWebApplicationInitializer {
}上面配置对应的xml配置如下：
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
第5步: 添加 Controller（控制器）
package com.websystique.springsecurity.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.SecurityContextLogoutHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {
@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "/home" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String homePage(ModelMap model) {
model.addAttribute("user", getPrincipal());
return "welcome";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/admin", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String adminPage(ModelMap model) {
model.addAttribute("user", getPrincipal());
return "admin";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/db", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String dbaPage(ModelMap model) {
model.addAttribute("user", getPrincipal());
return "dba";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/Access_Denied", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String accessDeniedPage(ModelMap model) {
model.addAttribute("user", getPrincipal());
return "accessDenied";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String loginPage() {
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/logout", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String logoutPage (HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
Authentication auth = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
if (auth != null){
new SecurityContextLogoutHandler().logout(request, response, auth);
}
return "redirect:/login?logout";
}
private String getPrincipal(){
String userName = null;
Object principal = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
if (principal instanceof UserDetails) {
userName = ((UserDetails)principal).getUsername();
} else {
userName = principal.toString();
}
return userName;
}
}
第6步: 添加 SpringMVC 配置类
package com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView;
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.websystique.springsecurity")
public class HelloWorldConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
}
/*
* Configure ResourceHandlers to serve static resources like CSS/ Javascript etc...
*/
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("/static/**").addResourceLocations("/static/");
}
}
---------译者增加 start---明明如月--------
以上配置对应的xml配置如下：
<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
<mvc:resources mapping="<span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;">/static/**</span>" location="<span style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;">/static/</span>" />
<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</beans:bean>---------译者增加end---明明如月--------
第7: 添加Initializer（初始化器）类
package com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
public class SpringMvcInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { HelloWorldConfiguration.class };
}
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return null;
}
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[] { "/" };
}
}
第8步: 添加视图
login.jsp
此视图为登录面板增加了css
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Login page</title>
<link href="<c:url value='/static/css/bootstrap.css' />" rel="stylesheet"></link>
<link href="<c:url value='/static/css/app.css' />" rel="stylesheet"></link>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="mainWrapper">
<div class="login-container">
<div class="login-card">
<div class="login-form">
<c:url var="loginUrl" value="/login" />
<form action="${loginUrl}" method="post" class="form-horizontal">
<c:if test="${param.error != null}">
<div class="alert alert-danger">
<p>Invalid username and password.</p>
</div>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${param.logout != null}">
<div class="alert alert-success">
<p>You have been logged out successfully.</p>
</div>
</c:if>
<div class="input-group input-sm">
<label class="input-group-addon" for="username"><i class="fa fa-user"></i></label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="username" name="ssoId" placeholder="Enter Username" required>
</div>
<div class="input-group input-sm">
<label class="input-group-addon" for="password"><i class="fa fa-lock"></i></label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password" name="password" placeholder="Enter Password" required>
</div>
<input type="hidden" name="${_csrf.parameterName}" value="${_csrf.token}" />
<div class="form-actions">
<input type="submit"
class="btn btn-block btn-primary btn-default" value="Log in">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>注意：和
CSRF 相关的是
<input type="hidden" name="${_csrf.parameterName}" value="${_csrf.token}" /></strong>
这一行的目的是防止CSRF攻击。正如你所见jsp中CSRF参数使用EL表达式获取的。因此需要允许el表达式： 需要在jsp头添加如下一行：
<%@ page isELIgnored="false"%>
welcome.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Welcome page</title>
</head>
<body>
Dear <strong>${user}</strong>, Welcome to Home Page.
<a href="<c:url value="/logout" />">Logout</a>
</body>
</html>
admin.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Admin page</title>
</head>
<body>
Dear <strong>${user}</strong>, Welcome to Admin Page.
<a href="<c:url value="/logout" />">Logout</a>
</body>
</html>
dba.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>DBA page</title>
</head>
<body>
Dear <strong>${user}</strong>, Welcome to DBA Page.
<a href="<c:url value="/logout" />">Logout</a>
</body>
</html>
accessDenied.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>AccessDenied page</title>
</head>
<body>
Dear <strong>${user}</strong>, You are not authorized to access this page
<a href="<c:url value="/logout" />">Logout</a>
</body>
</html>例子中所需的css文件
app.css
html{
background-color:#2F2F2F;
}
body, #mainWrapper {
height: 100%;
background-image: -webkit-gradient(
linear,
right bottom,
right top,
color-stop(0, #EDEDED),
color-stop(0.08, #EAEAEA),
color-stop(1, #2F2F2F),
color-stop(1, #AAAAAA)
);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #EDEDED 0%, #EAEAEA 8%, #2F2F2F 100%, #AAAAAA 100%);
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #EDEDED 0%, #EAEAEA 8%, #2F2F2F 100%, #AAAAAA 100%);
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #EDEDED 0%, #EAEAEA 8%, #2F2F2F 100%, #AAAAAA 100%);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #EDEDED 0%, #EAEAEA 8%, #2F2F2F 100%, #AAAAAA 100%);
background-image: linear-gradient(to top, #EDEDED 0%, #EAEAEA 8%, #2F2F2F 100%, #AAAAAA 100%);
}
body, #mainWrapper, .form-control{
font-size:12px!important;
}
#mainWrapper {
height: 100vh;
padding-left:10px;
padding-right:10px;
padding-bottom:10px;
}
#authHeaderWrapper{
clear:both;
width: 100%;
height:3%;
padding-top:5px;
padding-bottom:5px;
}
.login-container {
margin-top: 100px;
background-color: floralwhite;
width: 40%;
left: 30%;
position: absolute;
}
.login-card {
width: 80%;
margin: auto;
}
.login-form {
padding: 10%;
}第9步: 构建和部署应用
现在构建 war 包(通过eclipse或者myeclipse)或者通过maven 命令行(
mvn clean install). 在一个 Servlet 3.0 容器中发布本应用. 在这里我使用的是tomcat, 我将 war 文件放到
tomcat webapps 文件夹然后点击 tomcat安装目录的bin文件夹下的
start.bat .
启动应用
打开浏览器 在地址栏输入localhost:8080/SpringSecurityRoleBasedLoginExample/并回车
输入DBA角色的账户
提交表单，因为当前登录的用户时DBA角色，登录后将被重定向到/db 页面。
退出后登录 USER权限的用户
然后访问 admin 页面，将看到 权限拒绝页面
退出后登录 ADMIN 角色的账户
本文结束，下一篇文章我们精介绍基于Hibernate注解的数据库的Spring Security 权限验证。
项目下载地址： http://websystique.com/?smd_process_download=1&download_id=1495
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/w605283073/article/details/51322771
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