Scrapy项目 – 源码工程 – 实现豆瓣 Top250 电影信息爬取的爬虫设计

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import scrapyfrom douban.items import DoubanItem#创建爬虫类class DoubanspiderSpider(scrapy.Spider):    name = 'doubanSpider'   #爬虫名字    allowed_domains = ['movie.douban.com']  #容许爬虫的作用范围    #定义开始的URL    offset=0    url='https://movie.douban.com/top250?start='    start_urls = [url+str(offset)]    #爬虫开始的URL    def parse(self, response):         #with open("douban.html","w",encoding="utf-8") as f:             #f.write(str(response.body,encoding="utf-8"))        #继承        item=DoubanItem()        #根节点        movies=response.xpath("//div[@class='info']")        for each in movies:            #标题            item['title']=each.xpath(".//span[@class='title'][1]/text()").extract()[0]            #信息            #item['info'] = each.xpath(".//div[@class='bd']/p[@class='']/text()[2]").extract()[0]            item['info'] = each.xpath(".//div[@class='bd']/p[normalize-space(@class)='']/text()[2]").extract()[0]            # xinxi            #item['info2'] = each.xpath(".//div[@class='bd']/p[@class='']/text()[2]").extract()[0]            # 评分            item['star'] = each.xpath(".//div[@class='bd']/div[@class='star']/span[@class='rating_num']/text()").extract()[0]            # 简介            quote = each.xpath(".//div[@class='bd']/p[@class='quote']/span/text()").extract()            #异常处理            if len(quote)!=0:                item['quote']=quote[0]            print(item)            yield item        if self.offset < 255:            self.offset += 25            # 每次处理完一页之后，重新发送下一页请求            # self offset 自增25，同时拼接为新的URL并调用回调函数，self parse 处理response            yield scrapy.Request(self.url + str(self.offset),callback=self.parse)        # 通过scrapy 的xpath匹配所有老师的根节点列表集合        #teacher_list = response.xpath("//div[@class='teacher-text']")        # 所有列表集合        #teacherItem = []        # 遍历根节点的集合        #for each in teacher_list:            # Item对象来保存数据            #item = GecspiderItem()            # 不加extract() 结果为xpath匹配对象            #name = each.xpath('./h4/text()').extract()            # 职位            #title = each.xpath('./h6/text()').extract()            # 个人简介            #info = each.xpath('./p/text()').extract()            #item['name'] = name[0]            #item['title'] = title[0]            #item['info'] = info[0]            # 上一次运行位置暂停继续运行，病返回            #   yield item            #teacherItem.append(item)            # print(name[0])            # print(title[0])            # print(info[0])        #return teacherItem

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define here the models for your scraped items## See documentation in:# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.htmlimport scrapyclass DoubanItem(scrapy.Item):    # define the fields for your item here like:    # name = scrapy.Field()    #标题    title = scrapy.Field()    #信息    info = scrapy.Field()    #评分    star = scrapy.Field()     #简介    quote = scrapy.Field()    pingjia = scrapy.Field()

from scrapy import cmdline#cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl doubanSpider ".split())

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define your item pipelines here## Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.htmlimport jsonfrom openpyxl import Workbookclass DoubanPipeline(object):    wb = Workbook()    ws = wb.active    # 设置表头    ws.append(['标题','评分','信息','简介'])    def process_item(self, item, spider):        # 添加数据        line = [item['title'],item['star'],item['info'],item['quote']]        self.ws.append(line)  # 按行添加        self.wb.save('douban.xlsx')        return item

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Scrapy settings for douban project## For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:##     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.htmlBOT_NAME = 'douban'SPIDER_MODULES = ['douban.spiders']NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'douban.spiders'# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agentUSER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36'# Obey robots.txt rules#ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay# See also autothrottle settings and docs#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3# The download delay setting will honor only one of:#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16# Disable cookies (enabled by default)#COOKIES_ENABLED = False# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False# Override the default request headers:#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',#   'Accept-Language': 'en',#}# Enable or disable spider middlewares# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {#    'douban.middlewares.DoubanSpiderMiddleware': 543,#}# Enable or disable downloader middlewares# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {#    'douban.middlewares.DoubanDownloaderMiddleware': 543,#}# Enable or disable extensions# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html#EXTENSIONS = {#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,#}# Configure item pipelines# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.htmlITEM_PIPELINES = {    'douban.pipelines.DoubanPipeline': 300,}# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True# The initial download delay#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to# each remote server#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'