# ==== abs ==== 绝对值print(abs(1))  # 1print(abs(-1))  # 1# ==== complex ==== 复数print(complex())  # 0j# ==== divmod ==== Ps:分页时会使用print(divmod(10, 3))  # (3, 1)# ==== float ====# 省略# ==== int ====# 省略# ==== long ====# Python3已移除# ==== pow ====print(pow(10, 2, 5))  # 0print(10 ** 2 % 5)  # 0# ==== range ====# 省略# ==== round ==== 四舍五入round(3.3)# ==== sum ==== # 省略# ==== oct ==== # 省略# ==== hex ====# 省略# ==== chr ====# 省略# ==== bin ====# 省略# ==== bool ====# 省略

# ==== basestring ====# Python3已移除# ==== format ====# 省略# ==== unichr ====# Python3已移除# ==== enumerate ==== 枚举# 省略# ==== iter ====# 省略# ==== max ====# 省略# ==== min ====# 省略# ==== dict ====# 省略# ==== list ====# 省略# ==== set ====# 省略# ==== srozenset ==== 创建不可变集合# 在基本数据类型中写过，故省略# ==== tuple ====# 省略# ==== xrange ====# 同range，Python3已移除

# ==== all ====print(all([1,2,3])) # Trueprint(all([(),{},[],None,0])) # Falseprint(all([])) # True# ==== any ==== print(any([1,None,0])) # True print(any([(),{},[],None,0])) # Falseprint(any([])) # False # ==== cmp ====# Python3已移除

class Test(object):    passt1 = Test()# ==== callable ==== # 判断对象是否可被调用，即调用元类的__call__。（注意：通俗意义上的实例对象不能拿到元类的__call__，而类对象则可以）print(callable(Test))  # Trueprint(callable(t1))  # False# ==== classmethod ====# 省略# ==== complie ====# Python3已移除# ==== dir ==== # 相当于查看能被 . 出来的属性和方法print(dir(t1))print(dir(Test))# ==== delattr ====# 省略，这个是调用内部的 __delattr__ 来对实例字典进行操作。# ==== eval ====# 省略# ==== execfile ====# Python3已移除# ==== filter ====# 省略# ==== getattr ====# 省略，这个是调用内部的 __getattribute__ 来进行操作。有则进行# 返回，无则抛出异常，可设定默认返回值。将在获取失败时触发。# ==== globals ====print(globals()) # 返回全局字典# ==== hasattr ==== 判断对象是否具有某个属性或方法。也是调用内部的__getattribute__进行操作，若属性查找没有则捕获异常返回False。print(hasattr(t1, "__dict__"))  # Trueprint(hasattr(t1, "__getitem__"))  # Falseprint(hasattr(Test, "__dict__"))  # Trueprint(hasattr(Test, "__getitem__"))  # False# ==== id ====# 省略# ==== isinstance ==== 判断object是否是class的实例print(isinstance(1,int)) # Trueprint(isinstance(1,bool)) # False# ==== issubclass ===== 判断是否是子类print(issubclass(Test,object)) # True# ==== len ====# 省略# ==== locals ====  返回当前的变量列表print(locals())# ==== map ====# 省略# ==== memoryview ====# 没用过# ==== next ====# 省略# ==== object ====# 所有类的基类print(object) # <class 'object'># ==== property ====# 省略# ==== reduce ====# Python3以将该函数移除至移除内置函数# ==== reload ====# Python3已移除# ==== setattr ====# 省略，这个是调用内部的 __setattr__ 来进行操作。# ==== reper ====# 省略，这个是调用内部的 __reper__ 来进行操作。常用于交互式环境# ==== slice ==== 切片li = [1,2,3,4,5,6]print(li[0:-1:2]) # [1, 3, 5]i = slice(0,-1,2)print(li[i]) # [1, 3, 5]# ==== staticmethod ====# 省略# ==== super ====# 省略# ==== type ====# 省略# ==== vars ==== # 相当于 返回对象的__dict__ ，好像是调用的 __slots__ ，具体作用在类的双下方法中会进行介绍print(vars(t1)) # {}t1.name = "new"print(vars(t1)) # {'name': 'new'}# ==== bytearray ====# 冷门方法，八百年没用过一次。不介绍# ==== zip ====  重要方法！拉链函数,将两个可迭代对象进行一一组合。多余的部分舍弃l1 = [1,2,3,4]l2 = ("A","B","C")print(list(zip(l1,l2))) # [(1, 'A'), (2, 'B'), (3, 'C')]

# === file ====# Python3已移除# ==== input ====# 省略# ==== open ====# 省略# ==== print ====# 省略# ==== raw_input ====# Python3已移除 

print(help(list))"""Help on class list in module builtins:class list(object) |  list(iterable=(), /) |   |  Built-in mutable sequence. |   |  If no argument is given, the constructor creates a new empty list. |  The argument must be an iterable if specified. |   |  Methods defined here: |   |  __add__(self, value, /) |      Return self+value. |   |  __contains__(self, key, /) |      Return key in self. |   |  __delitem__(self, key, /) |      Delete self[key]. |   |  __eq__(self, value, /) |      Return self==value. |   |  __ge__(self, value, /) |      Return self>=value. |   |  __getattribute__(self, name, /) |      Return getattr(self, name). |   |  __getitem__(...) |      x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] |   |  __gt__(self, value, /) |      Return self>value. |   |  __iadd__(self, value, /) |      Implement self+=value. |   |  __imul__(self, value, /) |      Implement self*=value. |   |  __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs) |      Initialize self.  See help(type(self)) for accurate signature. |   |  __iter__(self, /) |      Implement iter(self). |   |  __le__(self, value, /) |      Return self<=value. |   |  __len__(self, /) |      Return len(self). |   |  __lt__(self, value, /) |      Return self<value. |   |  __mul__(self, value, /) |      Return self*value. |   |  __ne__(self, value, /) |      Return self!=value. |   |  __repr__(self, /) |      Return repr(self). |   |  __reversed__(self, /) |      Return a reverse iterator over the list. |   |  __rmul__(self, value, /) |      Return value*self. |   |  __setitem__(self, key, value, /) |      Set self[key] to value. |   |  __sizeof__(self, /) |      Return the size of the list in memory, in bytes. |   |  append(self, object, /) |      Append object to the end of the list. |   |  clear(self, /) |      Remove all items from list. |   |  copy(self, /) |      Return a shallow copy of the list. |   |  count(self, value, /) |      Return number of occurrences of value. |   |  extend(self, iterable, /) |      Extend list by appending elements from the iterable. |   |  index(self, value, start=0, stop=9223372036854775807, /) |      Return first index of value. |       |      Raises ValueError if the value is not present. |   |  insert(self, index, object, /) |      Insert object before index. |   |  pop(self, index=-1, /) |      Remove and return item at index (default last). |       |      Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range. |   |  remove(self, value, /) |      Remove first occurrence of value. |       |      Raises ValueError if the value is not present. |   |  reverse(self, /) |      Reverse *IN PLACE*. |   |  sort(self, /, *, key=None, reverse=False) |      Sort the list in ascending order and return None. |       |      The sort is in-place (i.e. the list itself is modified) and stable (i.e. the |      order of two equal elements is maintained). |       |      If a key function is given, apply it once to each list item and sort them, |      ascending or descending, according to their function values. |       |      The reverse flag can be set to sort in descending order. |   |  ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |  Static methods defined here: |   |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature. |   |  ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |  Data and other attributes defined here: |   |  __hash__ = NoneNone"""